We found that changes in the expression of the inflammatory factors IL-6, IL-12, and IL-18 in the early perioperative period may be associated with the occurrence of postoperative nosocomial infections, and that the combined use of inflammatory factors IL-6 and IL-18 at 0 hours postoperatively significantly improved the perioperative prediction of the development of postoperative infection. The gene discussed is IL6; the disease is infection.