Although some genes expression (TNMD, SCX, TNMD, SCX, SOX9, PPARγ) in the diabetic group were not statistically significant compared with the non-diabetic group (p > 0.05), the gradual increase in tendon gene expression from 2 weeks to 12 weeks after induction of type 2 diabetes showed that the hyperglycemic microenvironment produced long-term chronic changes in the supraspinatus muscle of rats. Here, SOX9 is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.