Meanwhile, SCGB3A2 exerts antifibrotic effects in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting TGF-β1-induced fibroblast activation via increased STAT1 phosphorylation and SMAD7 expression, and decreased SMAD2 and SMAD3 phosphorylation [240, 241]. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and pulmonary fibrosis.