PTGS2 and atrial fibrillation: A preclinical in-vivo testing of Tofacitinib in bovine IDD model by Li et al. have reported the potential roles of anti-inflammatory drug Tofacitinib in ameliorating IDD, by downregulating IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, MMP1, MMP3 in NP tissue, and MMP3, COX2 (cyclooxygenase-2), NGF (nerve growth factor) in AF tissue, thereby neutralizing pro-inflammatory and catabolic circumstance in IDD model (Li et al., 2020).