IL1B and infection: The Spearman correlation analysis showed that the PBMCs from individuals that secreted a heightened proinflammatory cytokine response, in the form of IL-18, IL-1β, and IL-23, upon TLR stimulation during the early time-point of infection (V1) correlated significantly with the spike-specific T cell immune response, in the form of the expression of CD4 and CD8 IFN-γ, CD4 and CD8 AIM, and Granzyme B (GZB) secretion (Figure 4B).