TNF and Insulin resistance: Data found on liquiritin showed that oral administration of 10 or 20 mg in mice decreased insulin resistance, improved lipid metabolism, reduced the levels of inflammatory factors, including IL-β, IL-1β, IL-18, TNF-α, and IL-6, increased antioxidant enzyme levels of superoxide dismutases 1 and 2 (SOD1 and SOD2), and decreased myocardial fibrosis by inhibiting the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways [102].