INS and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Since our results suggest the presence of functional (not hypertrophied) adipocytes in WAT from obese mice treated with palmitoleic acid, we next investigated its effect on treating/ reversing the pro-inflammatory environment in WAT, a chronic state associated with HFD-induced obesity, that blocks adipocyte insulin action and leads to the development of IR and 2DM.