Therefore, the present study aimed to explore the associations between the Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS) and DII® (Connecting Health Innovations, Columbia, SC, USA) with insulin sensitivity and secretion assessed by the hyperinsulinemic euglycaemic clamp, as well as inflammatory markers, adipokines and other cardiovascular risk factors (lipids, blood pressure), in adults without diabetes who were classified as overweight or obese. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is diabetes mellitus.