TNF and gout: Compared with vehicle-treated rats with acute gouty arthritis, SV resulted in 10.31% and 15.67% reductions in the levels of IL-8 (p < 0.01; Figure 5B) and CCL-2 (p < 0.001; Figure 5C), respectively, and IH resulted in 9.54%, 21.49%, and 8.03% reductions in the levels of MMP-9 (p < 0.01; Figure 5A), CCL-2 (p < 0.001; Figure 5C), and TNF-α (p < 0.05; Figure 5D) in serum, respectively.