Furthermore, migration of VSMCs from the media into the intima contributed to the development of atherosclerosis [18], and immunofluorescence staining for the VSMCs marker α-SMA showed that the number of α-SMA-positive cells in the aortic sinus was decreased after treatment with capsaicin (p < 0.05) (Figure 1D). Here, ACTA1 is linked to atherosclerosis.