NPPB and diabetes mellitus: Several predictive models for AHF survival have been proposed, and data resulting from a meta-analysis reported that the strongest predictors for AHF survival were age, sex, brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), serum creatinine, serum sodium, blood pressure, left ventricle (LV) function, New York Heart Association (NYHA) category, diabetes, body mass index, and exercise capacity [4].