Recent studies have examined whether tamoxifen-resistant BC cells have a greater degree of autophagy than sensitive cells [25,26]; the autophagy-correlated signalling pathway PI3K/AKT/mTOR contributes to tamoxifen resistance [27], and MAPK/ERK pathway activation has also been demonstrated to be conducive to tamoxifen resistance [28,29]. Here, AKT1 is linked to breast cancer.