Through overexpression of MTERF1 in the HT29 cell line and depletion of MTERF1 in the HCT116 cell line, we provided evidence that MTERF1 promotes CRC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro promotes cell cycle progression at the G1/S phase, inhibits cellular apoptosis, and promotes xenograft tumor formation in vivo. The gene discussed is MTERF1; the disease is neoplasm.