LOX and breast carcinoma: Similar to LOX, the tight linkage between LOXL2 and CAFs is crucial for tumor progression: LOXL2 secreted by breast cancer cells can activate the FAK/Akt pathway in fibroblasts via ITG-β3 and promote fibroblast activation; subsequently, LOXL2 expressed by activated fibroblasts can further enhance tumor invasion and metastasis [61].