HIF1A and neoplasm: In addition, LOXL2 can also stimulate CAFs to secrete a high level of pro-lymphatic vascular factor (VEGF-C) and SDF-1α in a HIF-1α-dependent manner or directly activate the Akt-SNAIL and Erk pathways in lymphatic vessel endothelial cells, enhancing lymphatic vessel endothelial cell (LEC) proliferation and tumor lymphangiogenesis and promoting lymph node metastasis [62].