SIRT1 and endothelial dysfunction: Ox-LDL also induces endothelial dysfunction to cause atherosclerosis through the increased ubiquitination of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), an anti-inflammatory and anti-autophagy cytokine, under the regulation of cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-binding protein 1 (CPEB1) that, in turn, reduces the expression of lectin-like Ox-LDL receptor-1 (LOX-1), consequently regulating ROS production [56].