For the targeted treatment of ESCC, only a small number of options are available, including targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), or vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) using a targeted inhibitor or neutralizing antibody and a combination of targeted therapy and chemotherapy. This evidence concerns the gene ERBB2 and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.