Based on this hypothesis, several studies have shown that TRAIL-expressing MSCs significantly inhibited tumor growth and prolonged survival in various mouse cancer models, including lung cancer [109], lung metastasis of breast cancer [110] and renal cell carcinoma [111], glioblastoma [102,112,113,114], hepatocellular carcinoma [115], cervical carcinoma [116], colorectal carcinoma [117] and pancreatic carcinoma [118]. The gene discussed is TNFSF10; the disease is cancer.