In this study we screened for alterations in ALK, AKT1, BRAF, CTNNB1, DDR2, EGFR, ERBB2, KRAS, MAP2K1, MET, NRAS, PIK3CA, RET, ROS1, PTEN and TP53 genes in Rn-exposed NSCLC patients from a village in Tyrol, where high Rn exposure due to the soil texture occurred. Here, ROS1 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.