These extracts inhibited proliferation in breast cancer and colon cancer cell lines via the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) and the phosphatidylinositide-3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathways [35,36]. The gene discussed is MAPK3; the disease is malignant colon neoplasm.