Similarly, we have shown that the loss of IIIG9 in the adult ventricular wall of the nervous system induces the presence of non-polarized ependymal cells (balloon-like morphology) and ependymal cells with rigid cilia that probably vibrate, which may be the basis of the observed ventriculomegaly [68], and are key agents in the development of a ciliopathy, such as hydrocephalus. The gene discussed is SAXO4; the disease is ciliopathy.