Moreover, MAPK3, STAT3, RHOA, MAPK11, HIF1A, FGFR1, GNG5, GNB1, and ARHGEF12 were the potential therapeutic targets for upper ESCC only, whereas PLCG2, EFNA1, CALM1, and RALA were only suitable for lower ESCC. Here, STAT3 is linked to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.