GFAP and infarction: Subcutaneous administration of daidzein from the 1st to 14th day after PTS had no significant effect on infarct volume or apoptosis of penumbra cells (Figure 8), but a decrease in caveolin-1 expression caused an increase in the level of GFAP in astrocytes of the perifocal region of infarction by 7 and 14 days after PTS (Figure 8e,f).