FGF2 and Nasal congestion: In addition, MCs release growth factors (e.g., fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)), which are angiogenic and increase vasodilation and vascular permeability in the nasal walls, leading to enhanced inflammatory cell infiltration, local edema, and swelling of the nasal mucosa, which contribute to the clinical symptoms of nasal congestion and watery rhinorrhea in AR [11].