Since the release of the 2014 Task Force guideline for prostate cancer screening, a topic surveillance plan and scoping refinement exercise for the Working Group was led by the Science Team of the Global Health and Guidelines Division at the Public Health Agency of Canada (AL, HL, EH) to identify new guidelines and systematic reviews on PSA screening that have been published since 2014 (see Table 1 and Additional File 1). This evidence concerns the gene KLK3 and prostate cancer.