In tumours, the frequency of CD45+ cells was higher in pretreatment samples of responders, defined as patients with less than 50% tumour viability at surgery, compared to pretreatment samples of non-responders (NRs; greater than or equal to 50% tumour viability) (Fig. 4a) by CyTOF. The gene discussed is PTPRC; the disease is neoplasm.