Finally, 13 studies were included [26,27,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43]: 7 studies [33,34,35,36,37,38,39] comparing TGF-β levels between uncomplicated malaria and healthy controls and 6 studies [26,27,40,41,42,43] comparing TGF-β levels between severe and uncomplicated malaria (Figure 1). Here, TGFB1 is linked to malaria.