Similarly, a study including 236 out of 1767 heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) patients enrolled in the Treatment of Preserved Cardiac Function Heart Failure with an Aldosterone Antagonist Trial (TOPCAT) [48], showed that increased high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) increases the risk of the composite endpoint of cardiovascular death and HF hospitalisation (HR 1.42; 95% CI 1.20–1.69; p < 0.001). This evidence concerns the gene TNNI3 and heart failure.