IRF3 has been shown to be upregulated in NAFLD in humans and IRF3 has been suggested as a critical causal mediator linking obesity‐induced inflammation and dysglycemia.[67] Further significant factors include the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling cofactor TCF7 that has been strongly implicated in the control of hepatic gluconeogenesis,[68, 69] and REL, a key effector of NFκB signaling whose upregulation promotes insulin resistance.[70]. This evidence concerns the gene REL and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.