MYC and infection: For example, mTORC1 couples immune signaling with metabolic reprograming, NF-κB couples TCR and IL-17 signals, Ca2+–calcineurin axis triggers NFAT nuclear translocation, and the MAPK/ERK cascade initiates c-Myc-mediated glycolysis to ensure proper activation, proliferation, and anti-infection immune response of tilapia T cells [33–36].