TGFB1 and neoplasm: In addition, TGF-β is crucial to create an immune suppressive tumor microenvironment, which inhibits T lymphocyte proliferation, induces naïve T cell’s differentiation into Tregs and Treg expansion, reduces the production of natural killer cells, promotes the differentiation and expansion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and consequently enhances immune suppression [4–6].