The minor allele of the common missense variant in GPAM, p.Ile43Val, is associated with increased risk of NAFL and higher total cholesterol levels, whereas the rare pLOF variant, p.Thr189GlyfsTer5, is associated with lower total cholesterol levels (P = 3.5 × 10−8, effect = −0.41 s.d). The gene discussed is GPAM; the disease is non-alcoholic fatty liver.