-Attenuates oxidative stress and inflammation in lung fibroblast and mouse kidney-Decreases IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α in mice liver and adipose tissue-Prevent SARS-CoV infection by inhibiting S protein in Vero E6 cells-Blocks the S protein-ACE2 interaction in a cell-free competition assay. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and severe acute respiratory syndrome.