TNF and neoplasm: A study showed that RES inhibited STAT3 signaling and tumor growth in a subcutaneous model of Hepa1-6 liver cancer, reduced the frequency of CD8+CD122+ Treg and M2-macrophages in the lymph nodes and spleen of tumor-bearing mice, inhibited CD8+CD122+ Treg CD8 in vitro differentiation of CD122− T cells, down-regulated TGF-β1 and interleukin-10 levels in tumors, increased the proportion of IFN-γ-CD8+ T cells in tumors and peripheral blood lymphoid organs, and elevated TNF-α and IFN-γ (Zhang Q. et al., 2020).