AKT1 and breast cancer: Numerous studies have shown that ginsenoside Rg5 can induce apoptotic death in BC cells, one by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway and subsequently reducing Bad phosphorylation (Liu and Fan 2018; Liu and Fan 2020), and the other by regulating mitochondria-mediated pathway to induce caspase-dependent apoptosis including caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9 and Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) (Kim and Kim 2015; Liu and Fan 2018; Liu and Fan 2020).