In addition, ginsenoside Rh2 can up-regulate the phosphorylation levels of p53, p38 and ASK1 (apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1), whereas down-regulate the expression of TRAF2 (TNF receptor-associated factor 2), thereby inhibiting the proliferation of BC cells (Ren et al., 2018). The gene discussed is TRAF2; the disease is breast cancer.