TNF and liver dysplastic nodule: The current research work was designed to assess the protective effect of berbamine, bergapten, and carveol on streptozotocin-induced DN in rats, targeting various proteins, such as mitogen-activated protein kinase (Figure 1) for in silico analysis, and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) for in vivo investigations.