CLIC4 and hypertensive nephropathy: Using biochemical and morphological analysis, CLIC4 was reported to be overexpressed in the proximal tubular region of rats with hypertensive nephropathy compared to normal rats (Hatziioanou et al., 2018), inhibition of CLIC4 largely reduced TGF-β1-induced transdifferentiation of fibroblasts from myofibroblasts and α-SMA as well as ECM component expression (Shukla et al., 2014).