ANO1 and renal fibrosis: Similarly, Li et al. found that TMEM16A expression was markedly increased in fibrotic kidneys from UUO and high-fat diet mouse models, and that inhibition of TMEM16A activity in vivo with specific inhibitors or knockdown by shRNA effectively attenuated UUO-induced renal fibrosis and macrophage infiltration (Li et al., 2022a).