TNF and cancer: Curcumin's anticancer effect was observed in KEGG pathways involved with lung cancer (including IL-17 signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, osteoclast differentiation, etc.), cancer therapy (cell cycle, NF-kappa B signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, Th17 cell differentiation, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, etc.), and other cancers (leukemia, bladder cancer, prostate cancer, etc.).