Furthermore, glycolysis in tumors increases the expression of granulocyte-macrophagecolony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), facilitating the recruitment of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) into the TME and influencing T cell-mediated tumor immunity and tumor development [94]. Here, CSF2 is linked to neoplasm.