IL6 and glioblastoma: In the CGGA301 GBM cohort, ICOS-associated genes were significantly enriched in allograft rejection (NES = 2.563, FDR < 0.001), inflammatory response (NES = 2.441, FDR < 0.001), interferon-gamma response (NES = 2.218, FDR < 0.001), IL6-JAK-STAT3 signaling (NES = 2.115, FDR < 0.001), and interferon-alpha response (NES = 2.079, FDR < 0.001) (Figure 4C).