AFP and liver cancer: In this paper, we report that GH levels were significantly elevated in 49.5% of plasma samples from 767 HCC patients and that the elevated GH was associated with poorer clinical outcomes and advanced clinicopathological features including high AFP levels, underlying cirrhosis, multi-nodularity, and vascular invasion, as well as with advanced tumor size, number of lymph nodes, and presence of metastases (TNM) and Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) staging systems.