SLC9A1 and glioblastoma: In addition, the Na+/H+ exchanger 1 (NHE1) protein, secreted by GBM, partially promotes the M2-type activation of GAMs by stimulating the glucose metabolism and participating in the regulation of the GBM immunosuppressive microenvironment, which is recognized as a new target for improving the efficacy of immunotherapy (124, 125).