CD patients with depression have a higher number of M1 macrophages and higher levels of their secreted proinflammatory cytokines and a lower number of M2 macrophages and lower levels of their secreted anti-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-10) than those without depression, suggesting that depression promotes macrophage polarization into an M1 phenotype and accelerates IBD progression (74). Here, IL10 is linked to depressive symptom measurement.