The PredART trial recently showed that prophylactic prednisone reduces the incidence of paradoxical TB-IRIS within 12 weeks of starting ART (primary efficacy endpoint of the trial) by 30% in a population at high risk (i.e., HIV-infected, ART-naïve adult patients diagnosed with active TB who have a CD4 < 100 cells/μL and who start ART within 30 days of starting TB treatment) (Meintjes et al., 2018). The gene discussed is CD4; the disease is tuberculosis.