DDIT4 and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Because both adipocytes and macrophages play important roles in obesity-induced inflammation and metabolic dysregulation, we examined the role of adipocyte REDD1 in HFD-induced adipogenesis and inflammation using Redd1ΔAdipoq mice, in which REDD1 expression was specifically deleted in mature adipocytes but not in SVF cells, liver tissues, and skeletal muscles under HFD conditions (Supplementary Fig. 1d).