Based on previously published CAF subset markers by Elyada et al.21, we examined in vitro marker gene expression of myCAF and apCAF in our Pan02 tumor-infiltrated CAFs in response to atezolizumab, VEGF-Grab, or Ate-Grab, and observed that Ate-Grab effectively inhibits PlGF-induced myCAF marker upregulation (Col1a1, Acta2) compared to atezolizumab, while no significant change was observed with apCAF marker expression (Cd74, H2-Ab1) between the two groups (Fig. 3j). This evidence concerns the gene COL1A1 and neoplasm.