To further substantiate these observations, we did a colony-formation assay in 786-O ccRCC cells transfected with siRNA against all GRAMs, showing that depletion of GRAMD1A and GRAMD1B significantly decreased the ability of 786-O cells to form colonies (Fig. 7b, c), supporting the role of these genes in ccRCC survival. The gene discussed is GRAMD1A; the disease is nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma.