CD274 and bladder transitional cell carcinoma: Immunotherapies such as anti-PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors have demonstrated substantial antitumour activity in advanced and metastatic BLCA, although cisplatin-based chemotherapy and radical cystectomy are still the first-line treatments for muscle-invasive BLCA (Jordan and Meeks, 2019; Patel et al., 2020).