Moreover, increasing evidences have affirmed that the impediment of activation of Smad-dependent and -independent cascades including MAPK and PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathways, which effectively inhibited pulmonary fibrosis induced by BLM (Chitra et al., 2015; Liu et al., 2016; Qian et al., 2018). This evidence concerns the gene MTOR and pulmonary fibrosis.