During the acute phase of injuries such as SCI, ICH, and ischemic stroke, elevated MMP-12 is detrimental, but it aids in the recovery from experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (Wells et al., 2003, 2005; Weaver et al., 2005; Chelluboina et al., 2015a,b). This evidence concerns the gene MMP12 and ischemic stroke.