STAT3 and neoplasm: While IL-6 knockdown in fibroblasts did not have any effect on the ability of MMA to induce CAF marker expression in fibroblasts, it effectively suppressed the ability of EVsMMA-MRC5 to induce IL-6/JAK/STAT3 and TGFβ signaling in tumor cells, and was sufficient to abolish the EMT-inducing effect of EVsMMA-MRC5 and their ability to boost drug resistance, invasion and migration (Fig. s5).